4D Transperineal Ultrasound of the Female Pelvic Floor
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Objective: To describe acquisition and interpretation of 3D transperineal ultrasound of the pelvic floor for the assessment of the levator ani muscle.
Methods: This video reviews techniques for volume acquisition and interpretation.
Results: In the Mothers’ Outcomes After Delivery Study [1], 495 parous women underwent 4d transperineal ultrasound of the pelvic floor. Only one ultrasound (0.2%) was uninterpretable. The remaining volumes allowed the assessment of levator ani muscle (including the identification of obstetrical avulsion) and the evaluation of anatomic changes during Valsalva and pelvic muscle contraction.
Conclusions: This technique for 4D transperineal ultrasound provides important information about pelvic muscle structure and function.
References:
1. Handa VL, Blomquist JL, Roem J, Munoz A, Dietz HP. Levator Morphology and Strength After Obstetric Avulsion of the Levator Ani Muscle. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg (2018 Sep 27) [Epub ahead of print]
Victoria L. Handa, MD, MHS
Gynecology and Obstetrics, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
Kristen Diffenderfer, BS, RDMS, RVT
Johns Hopkins Hospital, Schools of Medical Imaging, Baltimore, MD
Maria Zaharieva, RDMS, RVT
Obstetrical ultrasound, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Hans Peter Dietz, MD PhD
Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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